1. Adenosine mechanisms and hypersensitive corticostriatal terminals in restless legs syndrome. Rationale for the use of inhibitors of adenosine transport Sergi Ferre, Cesar Quiroz, William Rea, Xavier Guitart and Diego Garcia-Borreguero 2. D3 receptor agonist efficacy in restless legs syndrome Francesca Casoni, Andrea Galbiati and Luigi Ferini-Strambi 3. The heterotetrameric structure of the adenosine A1-dopamine D1 receptor complex: Pharmacological implication for restless legs syndrome Antoni Cortes, Veronica Casado-Anguera, Estefania Moreno and Vicent Casado 4. D3 and D1 receptors: The Yin and Yang in the treatment of restless legs syndrome with dopaminergics Stefan Clemens and Imad Ghorayeb 5. The neurophysiology of hyperarousal in restless legs syndrome: Hints for a role of glutamate/GABA Giuseppe Lanza and Raffale Ferri 6. Iron uptake at the blood-brain barrier is influenced by sex and genotype Quinn W. Wade, Brian Chiou and James R. Connor 7. Caenorhabditis elegans and its applicability to studies on restless legs syndrome Pan Chen, Omamuyovwi Meashack Ijomone, Kun He Lee and Michael Aschner 8. Role of MEIS1 in restless legs syndrome: From GWAS to functional studies in mice Aaro V. Salminen, Daniel D. Lam and Juliane Winkelmann 9. Non-dopaminergic vs. dopaminergic treatment options in restless legs syndrome Vivian Wanner, Celia Garcia Malo, Sofia Romero, Irene Cano-Pumarega and Diego Garcia-Borreguero 10. Idiopathic restless legs syndrome treatment: Progress and pitfalls? Imad Ghorayeb 11. Treatment of pediatric restless legs syndrome Lourdes DelRosso and Oliviero Bruni 12. Pharmacological treatments of augmentation in restless legs syndrome patients Claudia Trenkwalder and Walter Paulus