Dr. Werner W.K. Hoeger is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Kinesiology at Boise State University and a Fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine and the Research Consortium of SHAPE America (Society of Health and Physical Educators). Dr. Hoeger received his master's degree at age 20 and his doctorate degree at age 24, both in exercise science. A former Winter Olympian and All-American athlete, Dr. Hoeger developed many of the popular fitness assessment tools in use today, including the modified sit and reach, total body rotation, shoulder rotation, muscular endurance, muscular strength and endurance, and soda pop coordination tests. Recipient of the Presidential Award for Research and Scholarship at Boise State, and a renowned expert and lecturer, Dr. Hoeger continues to be active in the areas of exercise physiology, physical fitness, and wellness. He has published multiple editions of his fitness and wellness titles, including the Cengage texts FITNESS & WELLNESS, PRINCIPLES AND LABS FOR FITNESS & WELLNESS, PRINCIPLES AND LABS FOR PHYSICAL FITNESS, LIFETIME PHYSICAL FITNESS & WELLNESS, WELLNESS: GUIDELINES FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE, and WATER AEROBICS FOR FITNESS AND WELLNESS. Cherie I. Hoeger received her degree in English with an emphasis in editing for publication. During the last 18 years, as a freelance writer and editor, Cherie has been writing research and marketing copy for client magazines, newsletters, and websites and contracting as a textbook copy editor for Cengage Learning (previously under the Thomson Learning and the Brooks/Cole brands). She began working on the Hoeger Fitness & Wellness book titles ten years ago, initially as a freelance editor and researcher, and subsequently as co-author on three of the textbooks. Sharon A. Hoeger is Vice President of Fitness and Wellness, Inc. in Boise, Idaho and holds a bachelor's degree in computer science from Brigham Young University. Co-author of five Cengage texts, Sharon Hoeger researches current scientific information for revisions and develops accompanying interactive software applications -- innovations that set the standard for fitness and wellness software today. The Hoeger husband-and-wife team has been working, innovating, and training together for four decades. Andrew D. Meteer received a degree in exercise science and has served as a personal trainer at Equinox Sports Club in New York City. An active member of the American College of Sports Medicine, Andrew brings vast experience in exercise programming for a diverse population and expertise with fitness trends in business and community settings. His excellent writing skills and up-to-date research-based knowledge in the field further strengthen the market-leading fitness and wellness concepts presented in this book.