Extending the human life-span past 120 years. The green revolution. Evolution and human psychology. These subjects make newspaper headlines. Yet much of the science underlying these topics stems from a book published nearly 140 years ago - Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species. In this text, Michael Rose provides the general reader with an introduction to the theory of evolution - its beginning with Darwin, its key concepts, and how it may affect us in the future. First comes a brief biographical sketch of Darwin. Next, Rose gives a primer on the three most important concepts in evolutionary theory - variation, selection and adaptation. Discussing agriculture, Rose shows how, even before Darwin, farmers and ranchers unknowingly experimented with evolution. medical research, however, has ignored Darwin's lessons until recently, with potentially grave consequences. Finally, evolution supplies important new vantage points on human nature. If humans weren't created by deities, then our nature may be determined more by evolution than we have understood. Or it may not be. In this question, as in many others, the Darwinian perspective is one of the most important for understanding human affairs in the modern world. This text explains how evolutionary biology has been used to support both valuable applied research, particularly in agriculture, and truly frightening objectives, such as Nazi eugenics.